School districts around the country have struggled to keep the wheels on their buses going round and round as potential drivers take jobs delivering packages instead.
鈥淭he 鈥楢mazon Effect鈥� really grew during the pandemic,鈥� said Molly McGee-Hewitt, executive director of the National Association for Pupil Transportation. 鈥淎mazon pays more than most school districts do. If a driver can get more hours and better benefits, that is appealing to them.鈥�
Increasing competition in the labor market鈥攆rom delivery and rideshare jobs鈥攊s just one factor fueling a problem that has challenged districts for years: a struggle to hire enough bus drivers to handle complicated student transportation plans.
That problem led to national headlines over the last week when Jefferson County schools, Kentucky鈥檚 largest district, shut down for six days after a transportation meltdown resulted in some students arriving home as late as 10 p.m. on the first day of school Aug. 9. Short on drivers, the district had used a software platform to reduce and reconfigure its routes, leading to confusion and inefficiencies when they put the new plan into practice.
But most districts have managed to keep buses running, even as they struggle to recruit drivers, McGee-Hewitt said. Here鈥檚 how they鈥檝e handled the shortage.
1. Giving bus drivers additional duties
Bus drivers typically work split shifts, taking a route in the morning and another in the afternoon with a lengthy, unpaid break in between. In the past, such a schedule appealed to farmers in rural areas, semi-retired people, and even parents seeking to bring in extra income.
But that split in the work day seems to be less appealing to new recruits, said McGee-Hewitt. So some districts have given drivers additional duties between their route shifts, employing them as paraprofessionals during the school day to round out their schedule, she said.
During COVID-related school closures, districts also kept bus drivers on the payroll by putting them to work delivering meals or driving buses that served as mobile hotspots to help students connect to the internet for remote school work.
2. Conducting 鈥榮tay鈥� interviews
Some school transportation directors have adopted 鈥渟tay interviews鈥� as a strategy to retain current drivers and to inform their efforts to recruit new ones.
Human resources experts have more commonly lauded stay interviews鈥攊n which supervisors talk to employees about what motivates them and keeps them on the job鈥� as a way to retain teachers and boost morale.
Similarly, Shaker Heights, Ohio, administrators have surveyed bus drivers about why they like the job, their scheduling preferences, and why they鈥檝e returned for another year of work, Superintendent David Glasner told Education Week last year.
Want to try stay interviews in your district? Take a look at this developed by the Maricopa County, Ariz., superintendent鈥檚 office as part of a pilot project.
3. Training bus drivers to respond to student behavior
One appeal of driving those Amazon trucks: The driver is typically the only person on board. That鈥檚 not the case for school buses, where the person behind the wheel鈥攖ypically the only adult present鈥攊s responsible for monitoring both the safety and behavior of dozens of students.
鈥淵ou鈥檙e trying to keep everybody safe and you鈥檙e watching the road, but also to have 30 to 60 kids on your bus that you are watching to try to take care of,鈥� McGee-Hewitt said. 鈥淭hat is a huge assignment.鈥�
That鈥檚 why some districts have provided additional training for drivers in addressing students鈥� misbehavior, she said. Some have also invited drivers to more general staff professional development on the issue, and some have incorporated bus drivers and other non-instructional staff into their social-emotional learning plans.
4. Taking driver candidates on ride-alongs
Sometimes potential drivers have to see the experience for themselves. That鈥檚 why some districts have invited applicants to ride beside drivers to demystify things like how to navigate a route and how to respond to student misbehavior, McGee-Hewitt said.
5. Letting interested drivers take buses out for a spin
Some driver candidates may be intimidated by the size of a yellow bus, district transportation directors said.
That鈥檚 why some districts set up driver recruitment events in large parking lots, giving candidates a chance to drive an empty school bus around cones and obstacles to see how it handles.
6. Increasing salaries, bonuses
Districts have raised bus driver salaries to try to be more competitive in a tight labor market.
Others have offered bonuses in an effort to retain drivers or to limit absences. The Moore County, N.C., district, for example, voted in February to offer its drivers $50 monthly bonuses for not missing a shift,
7. Limiting bus riders
Running out of ways to do more with less, some school boards have opted to reduce the number of students who ride the bus by changing their transportation policies.
Often, that means increasing the minimum distance a student must live from school to qualify for bus rides.
8. Redrawing routes to reduce stops
It鈥檚 not uncommon for transportation directors to redraw transportation plans to make them more efficient, McGee-Hewitt said. For example, some districts have ended door-to-door service in favor of community bus stops, some have reduced the number of community stops by moving them farther away from students鈥� homes, and some have used software to redesign routes around changing enrollment patterns and neighborhood densities.
That was the case in Jefferson County, Ky., where new transportation plans caused frustration last week. Superintendent Marty Pollio told reporters Monday that the new plans failed in part because employees added extra stops without accounting for the time they would add to each route.
9. Promoting bus alternatives
Some districts have encouraged parents to find alternatives to voluntarily reduce the number of riders.
鈥淲hile we are doing everything we can to make routes as efficient as possible to serve the maximum number of students, the driver shortage will cause delays in service during the upcoming school year,鈥� the Wake County, N.C., district wrote in a letter to parents in July. 鈥淪ometimes, no bus will be available and students will have to find alternative transportation to and from school.鈥�
The school system鈥檚 560 bus drivers can鈥檛 cover its 577 routes without making some adjustments, including doubling up routes for some drivers and running some buses late, the district said this week.
Some have also sought to make bus alternatives fun, calling on parent groups to organize efforts like walking school buses, in which groups of children walk to school together with adult volunteers, picking up classmates at 鈥渟tops鈥� along the way. Learn more in
