Almost 70 percent of American adults who say they are familiar with the federal No Child Left Behind Act believe it has had no effect or is actually hurting public schools, according to a nationwide survey released last week.
The 38th Annual Phi Delta Kappa/Gallup Poll of the Public鈥檚 Attitudes Toward the Public 69传媒 surveyed 1,007 adults on issues such as how public schools are evaluated, how school improvement should occur, and the state of current reform efforts.
鈥淭he views expressed in this year鈥檚 PDK/Gallup poll should serve as a wake-up call to our nation鈥檚 policymakers as they begin the process of reauthorizing NCLB in 2007,鈥� William Bushaw, the executive director of Bloomington, Ind.-based PDK International, said in a statement.
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More American adults reported being knowledgeable about the No Child Left Behind law than in previous PDK-Gallup surveys, but many expressed an unfavorable view of it. Forty-five percent of those polled said they knew either 鈥渁 great deal鈥� or 鈥渁 fair amount鈥� about the federal law, up from 40 percent last year and 31 percent two years ago.
However, of that group, 31 percent said the law was hurting the performance of public schools in their communities, and 37 percent said it had made no difference. Twenty-nine percent said it was helping their local public schools.
The poll has a margin of error of 3 to 4 percentage points.
Under the 4陆-year-old law, states must test students annually in reading and mathematics in grades 3-8 and once during high school. Sixty-nine percent of the poll respondents said a single test in each of those subjects would not provide a fair picture of whether a school needs improvement, and 81 percent said they believed testing requirements should include assessments of students鈥� knowledge in subjects beyond reading and math.
The No Child Left Behind law also requires states to begin giving science tests at certain grade levels in the 2007-08 school year.
鈥楥onsider the Source鈥�
Some organizations questioned the results of the poll and suggested that PDK, a professional educators鈥� organization that they believe is ideologically aligned with teachers鈥� unions, was trying to preserve the status quo through the wording of its survey questions.
鈥淐onsider the source of the poll,鈥� said Kati Haycock, the director of the Washington-based research and advocacy group Education Trust, which has been supportive of the NCLB law. 鈥淭hese guys are not exactly an unbiased source.鈥�
One question, for instance, asked respondents whether they favored or opposed allowing parents to choose to have their children attend private schools at public expense. Of those surveyed, 36 percent favored the idea, while 60 percent opposed it.
The Milton and Rose D. Friedman Foundation, an Indianapolis-based foundation that advocates vouchers and other school choice programs, and the Washington-based Cato Institute, a think tank that promotes a free-market philosophy, argue that the wording misleads poll interpreters into thinking that the public opposes school choice.
The Friedman Foundation commissioned its own poll last year, asking respondents instead if they favored or opposed allowing students and parents to choose any type of school at public expense. With that wording, 60 percent of the 1,000 adults surveyed favored allowing the students to choose, while only 33 percent opposed it.
Lowell C. Rose, the executive director emeritus of PDK and a co-author of the survey, countered that Gallup has the final say in the wording of the poll questions, ensuring that they are free of bias.
The PDK-Gallup poll showed an overall positive view of the nation鈥檚 public schools. When asked how educators should attempt to improve education, 71 percent of respondents preferred improvements in the existing public school system, rather than establishing an alternative system.
鈥淭he fact that the public鈥檚 support of its local schools is unaffected by the criticism directed at public schools in general should send a clear message 鈥� that change proposals should be built on the assumption that people like the schools they have,鈥� Mr. Rose said in a statement.
