Warning that the United States stands to lose its economic, scientific, and technological edge over the rest of the world, a panel convened by the National Academies has issued a call for federal initiatives costing $10 billion a year to reverse the situation鈥攊ncluding many aimed at K-12 schooling.
Among the education recommendations in the report issued last week by the Committee on Science, Engineering, and Public Policy were calls for:
鈥� Using scholarships to entice 10,000 of America鈥檚 brightest students to become mathematics and science teachers;
鈥� Beefing up the science and math skills of 250,000 teachers already on the job;
鈥� Doubling the number of students who take Advanced Placement or International Baccalaureate courses in those subjects; and
鈥� Tripling the numbers of students passing those AP and IB tests.
鈥淚 can鈥檛 guarantee that there will be more jobs if we adopt these recommendations,鈥� said panel member Craig R. Barrett, who is the chairman of the board of the Intel Corp., based in Santa Clara, Calif., 鈥渂ut I believe there won鈥檛 be more jobs if we don鈥檛 do these things.鈥�
The National Academies, a congressionally created advisory organization, commissioned the 20-member panel earlier this year at the request of Democratic and Republican members of Congress.
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Norman H. Augustine, the retired chief executive officer and chairman of the Bethesda, Md.-based Lockheed Martin Corp., headed the group. It included three university presidents and three Nobel laureates, as well as current and retired CEOs. Nancy S. Grasmick, Maryland鈥檚 state superintendent of schools, was the lone K-12 educator in the group.
To support its call to action, the report lists economic and educational indicators that it says flag potential trouble for the U.S. economy. It notes, for example, that the United States is now a net importer of high-technology products, that chemical companies are closing plants by the dozens, and that American 12th graders score below the international average on math and science tests.
鈥淪uddenly, Americans find themselves in competition for their jobs鈥攏ot just from their neighbors鈥攂ut from other countries as well,鈥� said Mr. Augustine. 鈥淚t鈥檚 not Pearl Harbor, Sputnik, or 9/11. It鈥檚 something much more akin to the proverbial frog being slowly boiled.鈥�
Attracting Talent
In precollegiate education, panel members say, a major problem is that math and science teachers lack solid educational backgrounds in those subjects.
The scholarship program the report outlines would offer four-year scholarships, worth up to $20,000 a year, to 10,000 promising students who committed to teaching in public schools for five years. Participants working in underserved inner-city and rural schools could qualify for $10,000 bonuses.
The panelists also want to use scholarships to persuade 25,000 students to earn undergraduate degrees in the physical sciences, life sciences, engineering, and mathematics.
Outside of education, the report recommends: increasing federal spending on long-term scientific research by 10 percent a year over seven years; offering $500,000 grants to early-career researchers; and establishing new national offices to manage a centralized national research infrastructure and to develop programs to meet future energy challenges.
Other proposals include tax credits for employers that make continuing education available to practicing scientists and engineers and measures that would make the United States more welcoming to international students and scholars who want to stay and work here.
